The environmentally critical areas in the municipality under Presidential Proclamation No. 2146 are the NIPAS areas, timberlands, areas that are prone and vulnerable to natural hazards, areas with critical slopes, areas classified as prime agricultural lands and water bodies.

Historical and current extreme weather/climate event that have affected the municipality include El Nino-related droughts and La Nina- related floods. Irosin is also is exposed to tropical cyclones and associated maximal values of 24-hour rains and winds, particular during the northeast monsoon season from October to February. From the period 1948 to 2006, there were 33 tropical cyclones that crossed the Province of Sorsogon or an average of one tropical cyclone every two years. For the same period, the number of tropical cyclone which crossed the province and 100 kilometers from boundaries was 140 tropical cyclones or an average of five every two years. One of the most intense tropical cyclone continue reading : Current and Future Climate Risk

The risk areas in the municipality are the slopes of Bulusan Volcano, the riverbanks, the catchment basin of Cadac-an River and the hills and mountains with steep slopes. 

The protected area or NIPAS area in the municipality is the Bulusan Volcano Natural Park located at barangay Cogon with an area of 1,045.71 hectares. The BVNP consists of montane and lowland forest in a mountain complex covering the municipalities of Irosin, Juban, Casiguran, Barcelona and Bulusan with a total area of 3,673.29 hectares.  Biodiversity profile of the BVNP includes threatened bird species of Philippine Duck, Philippine Hawk-eagle, and Flame-breasted Fruit-Dove as well as restricted-range bird like Luzon Bleeding-Heart, Luzon Hornbill and others. Mammals that have been recorded include Philippine Brown Deer, Philippine Warty Pig and the threatened Giant Cloud Rat. Endemic herpetofauna include forest frogs, tree skinks and the continue reading : Environmental Conditions

The existing land uses in the municipality are categorized into: Urban Use Areas (residential, commercial, infrastructure/utilities, institutional, parks/playgrounds and industrial), Agriculture, Forest and Forest Use, Agro-Industrial, Tourism, Other Uses (cemeteries, dumpsite/sanitary landfill, vacant lands) and Water Uses.